HISTO PATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF THYROID LESIONS IN THYROIDECTOMY SPECIMENS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Thyroid lesions are among the most common endocrine disorders encountered in clinical practice. They 
include a wide range of non-neoplastic, benign neoplastic, and malignant conditions. Although many thyroid lesions are 
clinically benign, histopathological examination remains essential for definitive diagnosis and for distinguishing benign 
lesions from malignant neoplasms.
Aim: To evaluate the histopathological spectrum of thyroid lesions in thyroidectomy specimens and correlate them with 
demographic and clinical findings.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology between 2022 and 2023 
among 150 thyroidectomy specimens received for histopathological examination. Clinical details including age, gender, 
duration of swelling, thyroid function status, radiological findings, and clinical diagnosis were obtained from pathology 
requisition forms and available records. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to detailed gross 
examination. Representative sections were processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Thyroid lesions 
were categorized into non-neoplastic lesions, benign neoplastic lesions, and malignant neoplastic lesions