SALIVARY VERSUS SERUM OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS

Abstract

Introduction: Oral cavity is considered to be mirror of the body as it reflects the health of the individual. Oral submucous fibrosis is an oral precancerous condition which is characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues resulting in marked rigidity and trismus.
Aim: The present study was undertaken to determine and compare the salivary and serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane levels and antioxidants glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in patients with different grades of OSMF.
Methodology: The observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry NIMS&R, Jaipur in association with Oral Diagnosis and Radiology at College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Manipur, Ahmedabad (Gujarat) after obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance. The Study population consisted of Clinically diagnosed oral submucous fibrosis patients of age 18-45 years. Unstimulated Saliva was allowed to accumulate in the floor Of mouth and collected by drooling method in a test tube. Saliva samples will be stored at -20 0C until use. Malondialdehyde was estimated by thiobarbituric acid reaction using spectrophotometer, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was analysed by sandwich ELISA, Glutathione peroxidase and Superoxide dismutase were analysed by spectrophotometer and 8-Isoprostane was estimated by ELISA.
Results: The present study included a total of 92 patients clinically diagnosed with oral submucosal fibrosis. It is seen that out of 92 patients, 53 were males and 39 were females accounting for 57.6% and 42.39% respectively. For all the Grades of OSMF, there were statistically highly significant (P<0.001) differences seen between the salivary and serum biomarkers. Table 6 shows very weak correlations were observed between the salivary and serum biomarkers for all the Grades of OSMF. A significant (P=0.02) moderate correlation (r=0.49) was observed for salivary and serum Superoxide Dismutase for Grade 4. Very weak correlations were observed between the salivary and serum biomarkers for all the Grades of OSMF. A significant (P=0.02) moderate correlation (r=0.49) was observed for salivary and serum Superoxide Dismutase for Grade 4.Conclusion: When the biomarker levels were compared between serum and saliva, it is seen that there was statistically highly significant differences obtained between serum and saliva. A significant (P=0.02) moderate correlation (r=0.49) was observed for salivary and serum Superoxide Dismutase for Grade 4. Very weak correlations were observed between the salivary and serum biomarkers for all the Grades of OSMF. A significant (P=0.02) moderate correlation (r=0.49) was observed for salivary and serum Superoxide Dismutase for Grade 4.