EVALUATION OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN 0-5 YEAR OLD NORTH INDIAN PEDIATRIC POPULATION BY URINE CULTURE, SENSITIVITY AND ULTRASOUND

Abstract

Background: One of the most common reasons that patients under the age of five visit the 
outpatient department is fever. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) as the cause of fever are rarely 
discussed in contrast to other disorders that are given more attention. Children are often given 
antibiotics empirically without receiving an appropriate examination for UTIs. It is essential 
to diagnose a UTI in children who have fever in order to minimise lifelong morbidity and 
provide prompt treatment.  
Aim: The current study set out to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 
children less than five years old, as well as the accuracy of urine culture and analysis in UTI 
diagnosis. 
Methods: This prospective clinical study assessed 120 hospitalised patients with fever 
between the ages of two months and five years. For every person, predisposing factors and 
demographics were noted. Urine samples were collected in bags for individuals under two 
years old, whereas clean midstream urine was obtained for those over two years old. Every 
participant had their urine cultured and analysed, and those whose cultures were positive also 
had an ultrasound.  
Results: Klebsiella, Proteus, pseudomonas, and E. coli were isolated in this investigation and 
their culture growth was monitored. There was evidence of sensitivity to gentamycin, 
cefoperazone, amikacin, cefotaxin, and nitrofurantoin. The ultrasonography results for the 
current study subjects who tested positive for culture included two male subjects with 
hepatomegaly, one female subject with bilateral hydronephrosis with obstruction of the PUJ, 
one female subject with bilateral hydronephrosis with thickening of the bladder wall, and two 
female and one male subject with cystitis. 
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that people with substantial pyuria (defined as 
>5pus cells/HPF in the urine sample) should be further evaluated and start getting antibiotic 
medication for UTIs right once in order to minimise long-term problems, sequelae, and 
morbidity.