ABNORMALITIES OF LIPID PROFILE IN CHRONIC HEART DISEASE (CHD) AND OBESITY IN INDIAN SUBJECTS: A CLINICAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: In the past three decades, obesity has reached the level of a global epidemic. Also, coronary heart disease is the most common cause of mortality globally including in India. However, existing literature data is scarce concerning lipid profiles in subjects with CHD and obesity.
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the abnormalities of lipid profiles in chronic heart disease (CHD) and obesity in Indian subjects.
Methods: In 250 subjects with CHD, 125 obese subjects, and 125 healthy controls blood samples were collected to assess VLDL, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, and total cholesterol with commercially available kits. The results were compared in two groups for dyslipidemia in controls and study subjects. Logistic regression was done to assess the association of lipid parameters with CHD and obesity.
Results: Dyslipidemia was seen in CHD and obese subjects compared to healthy controls with a higher proportion of CHD in first-degree blood relatives from the CHD group with 36%. Similar results were seen in the obese group with a positive family history in 63.9% of subjects. In some cases, 51% of subjects showed combined lipid abnormalities with deranged HDL-C, TG, LDL-C, and TC values. Higher than cut-off values were seen for TC (> 200 mg/dl) and LDL-C (> 100 mg/dl) in 49.5% and 52% subjects respectively. Also, 64% of subjects had HDL < 50 mg/dl (moderate CHD risk) and 84% had TG >150mg/dl (> upper normal range).
Conclusion: The present study concludes that Indian subjects are hyperlipidemic with low HDL and deranged lipid profiles are seen in subjects with comorbidities. The present study also points to deranged lipid profiles in metabolic disorders that can predispose to complications.