UPPER RENAL STONE MANAGEMENT BY EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY

Abstract

Background: For upper ureteric and renal stones smaller than 2 cm, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or 
ESWL, is a good option since it is non-invasive and has fewer side effects than other therapy options. 
Aim: This study set out to assess the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or ESWL, as a treatment 
for stones in the upper ureters. 
Methods: This study included 120 people of both genders who had upper ureteric stones and used extracorporeal 
shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Data were collected from the previous medical records of all individuals, 
including laboratory testing, diagnostic imaging, and clinical information. Every person had a straightforward X
ray KUB two weeks after ESWL in order to assess stone fragmentation. Treatment success was also considered 
for stones less than 5 mm that did not exhibit symptoms or infection. Every person was followed up with at two 
weeks, one month, two months, and three months using USG KUB and X-ray KUB. 
Results: Of the research subjects, twenty-eight (28) or 23.3% had a stone attenuation value of less than 1000 HU 
(Hounsfield Unit). While 27.5% of research participants (n = 33) had a stone attenuation value of 1200–1500 
Hounsfield units, the majority of participants (49.16%, n = 59) had a value of 1000–1200 Hu. The study 
participants reported experiencing post-procedural discomfort, hematuria, UTI, and Stein Stresse as consequences 
following extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). According to 44.16% (n=53) of the patients, post
procedural discomfort after ESWL was the most common complication seen in the study subjects, followed by 
hematuria in 22 cases. Urinary tract infection (UTI) was recorded in 9.16% (n=11) study participants, Stein 
Strasse was reported in 5.83% (n=7) study subjects, and 5% (n=27) study subjects after ESWL.  
Conclusion: ESWL is a viable treatment option for people with upper ureteric stones, and it has the added 
advantages of being chairside, affordable, and non-invasive. ESWL can be carried out without anesthesia when 
treating upper ureteric stones, which are frequently treated invasively. Moreover, ESWL is associated with better 
acceptance, less issues, and a speedier recovery.