OBSERVATIONAL STUDY EVALUATING SURGICAL SITE INFECTION IN ABDOMINAL SURGERIES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Although surgeons are beginning to view surgical site infections (SSIs) as an indicator of the caliber 
of patient care, the prevalence of SSIs in our setting is still higher than in the industrialized world.  
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the type, incidence, and risk factors of surgical site infections (SSI) 
following abdominal procedures. 
Methods: Patients' immediate postoperative periods were monitored. After the second day, the wound was 
inspected every day until the day of release. Proforma had all of the information. Up to thirty days, the patients 
were monitored once a week. 
Results: Smoking (p=0.001), a preoperative stay of more than three days (p=0.000), an ASA score (p=0.001), a 
contaminated and dirty wound (p=0.000), the length of surgery (p=0.010), and the length of SSI symptoms were 
sought after. Should the patient experience SSI during this time, the kind of SSI was determined and a swab 
culture was carried out to determine the bacterium and pattern of antibiotic sensitivity. The SSI rate was 14%.and 
swab culture was used to determine the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity and bacteria. Risk factors and diagnosis 
were made using the CDC (Center for Disease Prevention and Control) criteria. In our study, smoking (p=0.001), 
a preoperative stay of more than three days (p=0.000), an ASA score of more than 0.001, a polluted and dirty 
wound (p=0.000), the length of the surgery (p=0.010), and the length of the drain insertion (p=0.000) were all 
linked to SSI. 
Conclusion: our research forces us to examine the weaknesses in our surgical and infection control practices, 
allowing us to develop policies that would lower the rate of wound infections. Reducing the length of preoperative 
hospital stays and using the right antibiotics can help lower SSI administration guidelines, sufficient patient 
preparation prior to surgery, cutting down on the length of the procedure, careful use of drains, maintaining a 
septic during the procedure, and appropriate observance of operating room discipline.