EVALUATING THE ROLE OF THE MDCT IN DETECTION OF THE RENAL MASSES IN CANCER INSTITUTE

Abstract

Background: Due to advancements in diagnostic parameters, CT scan times have significantly decreased. This is because 
different software packages allow for adjustment of the scan settings and an increase in spatial resolution.  
Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of renal mass enhancement and attenuation at various stages 
(cortico-medullary, nephrographic, and unenhanced phases). to assess the features of renal parenchymal enhancement 
during the aforementioned stages.Additionally, the results of the CT scan and the histological diagnosis were being 
compared.  
Methods: Multidetector CT was utilized for a more accurate assessment of the enhancement pattern and attenuation 
values of renal masses during the nephrographic, corticomedullary, and unenhanced phases. Referrals for CT abdomen 
were made for participants who complained of flank pain/fullness, hematuria, or renal masses on ultrasonography.  
Finally, 20 cases with renal masses on CT that were confirmed to exist were added.  
Results: The kidney masses were determined to have a mean size of 6.4 ± 4 cm, with a range of 2 to 20 cm. Twelve 
lesions were discovered to be cancerous, while eight lesions were benign. Only one benign lesion had poorly defined 
tumor margins, compared to seven benign lesions with well-defined margins. Merely two malignant lesions exhibited 
clearly defined margins, whereas the remaining ten lesions displayed poorly defined margins. There was a statistically 
significant difference between the margins of the benign and malignant tumors. In benign lesions, the enhancing pattern 
was diverse in three cases and homogenous in five. There was only one homogeneous lesion out of the 11 malignant 
lesions; the other 10 lesions were heterogeneous. During the nephrographic and corticomedullary phases, the HU values 
for malignant renal masses were 72.41 and 94,000, respectively. In contrast to the corticomedullary phase, there was less 
enhancement during the nephrographic phase.  
Conclusion: their characterisation, attenuation values, and enhancement patterns are useful tools for distinguishing 
benign tumors from malignant tumors. Nephrographic and corticomedullary phases did not show a statistically significant 
difference in enhancing patterns of benign tumors. The corticomedullary phase of malignant renal tumors showed more 
enhancement than the nephrographic phase. According to the current study's findings, renal masses should be 
appropriately characterized and detected during all phases of the examination process, including the nephrographic, 
corticomedullary, and enhanced phases.